Visa 10.1
EMV Liability Shift — Counterfeit
Category: Fraud Workflow: Allocation
Merchant response window
30 days
Workflow
Allocation
What triggers it
Counterfeit card used at a non-EMV-capable terminal.
What to check first — evidence for representment
Liability typically shifts to acquirer/merchant. Limited merchant defense surface.
Confidence: high.
Sourced from PaymentBrief's Visa reference article. Reason-code definitions and timelines change — verify against your scheme documentation or acquirer portal before acting.
Full reference
Visa Reason Codes: The Complete VCR Map